Fuels with a low octane number may be the cause of the following problems.
- High fuel consumption
- Reduced tractive power
- Driving operation malfunctions
- Poor start-off characteristics
The RON factor serves the purpose of determining the fuel quality used. The reference values refer to the following:
| RON factor | Refuelled fuel quality | 
| 0 to 0.2 | RON 98 | 
| 0.2 to 0.6 | RON 95 | 
| 0.5 to 1.0 | RON 91 | 
These reference values apply at outside temperatures higher than 25 °C. At lower temperatures, knocking occurs at a later point and results in lower RON factors.